Commodities – more to go & QE2's demise

Sandip Sabharwal - Uncategorized - Commodities – more to go & QE2's demise
Over the last 10 days we have seen a sharp sell off in commodity prices after an unprecedented run up since last May/June which saw the prices of most commodities rally anywhere between 40-100% plus. The rise in prices initially obviously was fuelled by a greater confidence on economic growth prospects as well as reducing fears on the US economy as well as the Eurozone crisis. However after the initial move the entire upmove in commodities got fuelled by the easy money availability due to QE2 and huge speculative buying by leveraged commodity hedge funds as well as speculation on commodity exchanges. The two commodities that to my mind signify the height of speculation were cotton and silver where prices moved up by nearly 150% in less that a year. As I pointed out in my article on the 23rd of April, where I quote – “There is today extreme speculation in precious metals, specifically silver where the largest Silver ETF has been adding nearly 60-70 tonnes per day. Now we have to see this in the context of actual silver consumption per year which is around 25000 tonnnes globally i.e. around 70 tonnes per day. As such financial speculation is adding as much demand if not more per day as actual financial consumption, which in my view is the height of speculation.”

The broad based fall in commodity prices has been accompanied by a bounce in the US Dollar where the USD index has rallied by nearly 5% from its bottom. After the first week of correction most analysts started giving out buy reports on these commodities despite the fact that there is a real demand destruction happening in a large number of commodities due to increased prices. Given the state of the global economy where real income growth continues to remain very low on an aggregate basis, this kind of price up move is difficult to absorb. We are today not in the hay days of 2005-2007 where issues of unemployment, low growth, and Fiscal deficit issues did not exist. The money printing by the US Fed has played the biggest part in the commodity rally given the fact that the actual credit growth by banks in the US for the first quarter has been negative. As such most of the money being printed is going into buying some asset or the other. Under the circumstances the impending end of QE2 will definitely impact speculative commodity demand.

The other important factor to note is that when corrections start after a blowout rally they never end in one week. As such irrespective of the price damage in the first week there will be further corrections over the next few weeks as the speculative fervor turns from buy on dips to sell on rise and the large scale long positions start converting into shorts. Although it is difficult to give the extent of correction to follow, intuitively I would believe that the follow through correction will be similar in magnitude to what we have already seen over the last 10 days. Crude prices are back to levels where they were when the Libyan crisis had started to unfold. This just shows how much speculation was contributing to the oil price upsurge as the Libyan crisis is nowhere near to resolution at this stage. A resolution in Libya at some point of time has the potential of creating a USD 10 per barrel further downside in crude oil price in my view. Overall there should be another 2-4 weeks of commodity price correction before prices stabilize.

Various economies have started to slow down and the growth figures coming out of various high growth emerging economies like India & China are also indicating slower growth in the near term. The Eurozone crisis is rearing its head again and growth seems to be stalling in most Western economies too. This should also help in keeping commodity prices in check. The big commodity up move seems to be over for now. The strength of the US Dollar is also negative for commodities and the bounce back in the USD’s value seems to still have some way to go given the kind of oversold state it was in. Another 4-5% bounce back from the current levels cannot really be ruled out.

Markets

Subsequent to the RBI’s monetary policy the Indian markets have underperformed due to concerns of slower growth and impact on profits and investments due to higher interest rates. The biggest concern for the Indian markets since November last year has been that of inflation. It first started with food inflation, went on to primary products inflation and then finally to manufacturing inflation. As per figures released today food inflation on a Year on Year basis is now down to 7.7% from levels of 20% in January 2011. These are figures pertaining to end of April when the global commodity price correction had not yet started. The index of Food Articles in the WPI was at a level of 196.5 as on 1st of January 2011 and has come down to 184.7 as on 30th of April. As such on an overall YoY comparison inflation is still high but sequentially over the last 4 months it is down by nearly 6%. Similar is the case with primary articles where on a YoY basis inflation is at around 12% but from 1st of January it is a negative 2.5%.

As such in my view inflation will fall much faster than what RBI has projected in its recent monetary policy. This will reduce one of the biggest roadblocks to India‘s outperformance and the second half of the current year should see India outperform significantly.

The other fear in the minds of investors is the impact of the end of QE2 on the Indian markets. The answer to this is not simple. Once the overall money printing from the US Fed stops and all other major economies remain in a tightening mode the stock of money available will get constrained. This will have a more profound impact on commodities rather than stock markets in my view. The Indian markets have infact fallen in the tenure of QE2 as such its withdrawal, mainly due to its impact on curtailing inflationary pressures would be positive for India. The important thing to realize is that even though QE2 will end the overall monetary situation still remains very accommodative. As per the latest survey the US Fed is unlikely to hike before 2012.

As such the second half of this year should see a reversal of the inflation trade and a strong bounce back in performance of high growth Emerging markets including India.

The results season is past the half way stage and it has been a mixed one which has largely led to downgrades and earning expectations for the current year i.e. 2011-12 have on an aggregate basis seen downgrades of 4-5%. This has also been reflected in the way the markets have moved. Analysts are today building in high cost pressures due to input costs, slower growth and a much tighter monetary policy into their projects. All of these might not necessarily fructify.

I continue to maintain my view that the February/March low is now a good base for the markets and if we get to those levels sometime during this month that should be the bottom fo
r the current year from where we should see a 25% kind of rally by the end of the year.


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